General-in-chief Henry Wager Halleck expressed great concerns about the Middle Department's defensive strategy for its primary objective of protecting the Baltimore and Ohi… [4], Jackson then brought up the brigades of Fulkerson, Campbell and Elzey to support Winder. At first light on May 25 picket fire opened the battle. Sheridan lost 12 percent of his army with 5,000 … MG Thomas J. Jackson, Col J.A. The Confederates took many Union prisoners and captured so many wagons and stores that they later nicknamed the Union general "Commissary Banks". The First Battle of Kernstown was fought on March 23, 1862, in Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia, the opening battle of Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas J. First Brigade BG Charles S. Winder. Two days earlier Jackson had suddenly appeared on the far side of Masanutton Mountain and overrun the Union outpost at Front Royal. O.R., Series I, Volume 12 (Part 1), p. 606. "Stonewall" Jackson 's Campaign through the Shenandoah Valley. MG Richard S. Ewell, First Winchester Confederate Order of Battle, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=First_Winchester_Confederate_order_of_battle&oldid=931104643, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Wooding's Battery - Cpt George W. Wooding, Carrington's Virginia Battery - Cpt Joseph Carrington, Brockenbrough's Battery - Cpt John B. Brockenbrough, Courtney's Battery - Cpt Alfred R. Courtney. the Battlefield. Pressing west, Sheridan prepared to attack with VI Corps on … The Confederate order of battle is listed separately. His columns were attacked at Middletown and again at Newtown (Stephens City) by Jackson's converging forces. Brig. From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. "Stonewall" Jackson's Campaign through the Shenandoah Valley during the American Civil War. The ultimate significance of Jackson's victory at Winchester was its strategic impact. With three enemy brigades in its front and three coming at its right flank, Gordon's Union brigade gave way and Union soldiers began streaming back into town. Defending Winchester were 8,500 Federals under Brig. Jackson brought up the rest of his artillery and a duel ensued with the Union guns on Bower's Hill. At earliest light the Confederate skirmish line advanced in force driving the Union pickets back to their main line of battle. Gen. Turner Ashby's cavalry was disorganized from the actions of May 24 and did not pursue until Banks had already reached the Potomac River. The Union order of battle is listed separately. [4], Union forces retreated through the streets of Winchester and north on the Valley Pike to Martinsburg. The battle was a victory in Confederate Army Major General Thomas J. On the tactical level, the battle displayed considerable finesse, particularly on the part of Ewell's division on the Front Royal Pike. No more than two days before, he had constructed a surprise attack against the Union Army at Front Royal, Virginia. The following Confederate States Army units and commanders fought in the First Battle of Winchester of the American Civil War. "Stonewall" Jackson's Campaign through the Shenandoah Valley during the American Civil War. [5] At dawn, he deployed Trimble's brigade astride the Front Royal Pike and advanced against the Union left flank. The first Confederate attack occurred against the Union left flank atop Camp Hill. He ordered a hasty retreat down the Valley Pike from Strasburg. The First Battle of Bull Run (the name used by Union forces), also known as the Battle of First Manassas (the name used by Confederate forces), was the first major battle of the American Civil War.The battle was fought on July 21, 1861, in Prince William County, Virginia, just north of the city of Manassas and about 30 miles west-southwest of Washington, D.C. The First Battle of Winchester, fought on May 25, 1862, in and around Frederick County, Virginia, and Winchester, Virginia, was a major victory in Confederate Army Maj. Gen. Thomas J. Jump to: navigation, search. The center of the line (Camp Hill) was held by the cavalry supported by two guns. 2,019 casualties and losses The result of First Winchester Confederate Order of Battle. Series I, Volume 12 (Part 1), p. 598. He had two brigades of infantry under Colonels Dudley Donnelly and George Henry Gordon, a mixed brigade of cavalry under Brig. Donnelly withdrew his brigade to a position closer to town with his right flank anchored on Camp Hill. Despite numerous officers being wounded,[7] Jackson's forces were in good order and nearly ready for an attack.    The following United States Army units and commanders fought in the First Battle of Winchester (May 25, 1862) of the American Civil War. Jackson enveloped the right flank of the Union Army under Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks and pursued it as it fled across the Potomac River into Maryland. [4], During the night, the advance of Maj. Gen. Richard S. Ewell's division (four brigades) reached Buffalo Lick.      Third Battle of Winchester - Striking Early: To defend Winchester, Early deployed the divisions of Major Generals John B. Gordon, Robert Rodes, and Ramseur in a north-south line to the east of the town. [4], First Winchester was a major victory in Jackson's Valley Campaign, both tactically and strategically. Taylor marched under fire to a position overlapping the Union right and then attacked Bower's Hill. By nightfall, the city of Winchester was in Union hands. Union skirmishers met Vaughn’s cavalry north of Winchester between noon and two o’clock. The Third Battle of Winchester - or the Battle of Opequon, as it is sometimes called - occurred in four phases: Berryville Canyon (dawn to 11 a.m.), Red Bud Run and Middle Field (11:40 a.m. to 1 p.m.), Red Bud Run and Hackwood Farm (late afternoon), and finally the … The following Confederate States Army units and commanders fought in the Second Battle of Winchester. When some of the Union troops were sent east in early March, Jackson went on the offensive. Jackson pressed the pursuit for most of the night and allowed his exhausted soldiers only a few hours of sleep before dawn. The Confederate assault swept irresistibly forward over the crest in the face of determined resistance.      Ramseur obliged and sent him artillery, confident he could whip Averell’s command. The following Confederate States Army units and commanders fought in the First Battle of Winchester of the American Civil War. The First Battle of Winchester was fought around Winchester and Frederick counties of Virginia on 25 th of May 1862. South of Winchester, near the small hamlet of Kernstown, Federal outposts watched as Ashby’s 7th Virginia Cavalry approached again, accompanied by an artillery battery and four companies of the 2nd Virginia Infantry. The Confederate general in charge was General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson, head of the Shenandoah Valley Campaign. Union General Nathaniel Banks’ army just outside Strasburg was outflanked and outnumbered more than 2 to 1. The battles are listed in chronological order by starting date (or planned start date). In June Robert E. Lee had detached Early from the army around Richmond and sent him to the Valley in the hope that he could repeat ‘Stonewall’ Jackson’s 1862 acheivement of diverting many times his strength in Union forces from the fighting around Richmond. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from First Winchester Union Order of … Military rank abbreviations; Confederate army; References; Military rank abbreviations. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2008. They skirmished there with Confederate cavalry under Col. Turner Ashby on March 22 where Shields was wounded, and … "Stonewall" Jackson's Campaign through the Shenandoah Valley during the American Civil War. Jackson's Division This is a list of orders of battle, which list the known military units that were located within the field of operations for each battle. Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S. Confederate States presidential election of 1861, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=First_Battle_of_Winchester&oldid=1010055106, Battles of the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War, Confederate victories of the American Civil War, Battles of the American Civil War in Virginia, Frederick County in the American Civil War, Articles with dead external links from February 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 3 March 2021, at 16:02. Union plans for a convergence on Richmond were disrupted by Jackson's audacity, and thousands of Union reinforcemen… The Third Battle of Winchester, also known as the Battle of Opequon or Battle of Opequon Creek, was an American Civil War battle fought near Winchester, Virginia, on September 19, 1864. "Stonewall" Jackson's campaign. He saw Port Republic, a small hamlet at the southern end of the … Ewell advanced the regiments of Trimble's brigade, sending regiments to either side of the high ground to enfilade the Union position. The First Battle of Winchester, fought on May 25, 1862, in and around Frederick County, Virginia, and Winchester, Virginia, was a major victory in Confederate Army Maj. Gen. Thomas J. Jackson moved three of Ewell's brigades to the left to participate in the advance on the Valley pike, leaving Ewell with just Trimble's brigade and Bradley Johnson's Maryland regiment. His leading regiments (in particular the 21st North Carolina) came under heavy fire from Union forces deployed behind stone fences and were repulsed. Why was the Third Battle of Winchester fought? [4], Banks now deployed at Winchester to slow the Confederate pursuit. [3], Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks learned on May 24, 1862, that the Confederates had captured his garrison at Front Royal, Virginia, and were closing on Winchester, turning his position. Contents. The Union order of battle is listed separately. The Battle of First Winchester - Ultimate General: Civil War - CSA Part 9 - YouTube. The Third Battle of Winchester was fought northeast of the city of Winchester, Virginia. From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. By about 4:00pm Ramseur heard the sound of battle nearing his position. First Winchester Union Order of Battle The following United States Army units and commanders fought in the First Battle of Winchester (May 25, 1862) of the American Civil War. After resting in Martinsburg, Banks command continued north to the Potomac river, crossing it at Williamsport. The First Battle of Winchester occurred on May 25, 1862. Gordon's brigade was placed on the Union right on Bower's Hill with its left flank at the Valley Pike, supported by a battery of artillery. Jackson's success in achieving force concentration early in the fighting allowed him to secure a more decisive victory which had escaped him in previous battles of the campaign. The Union order of battle is listed separately. After the Battle of Brandy Station, June 9, 1863, Confederate General Robert E. Lee ordered Ewell's 19,000-man Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, to clear the lower Shenandoah Valley of Union opposition so that Lee's army could proceed on its invasion of Pennsylvania, shielded by the Blue Ridge Mountainsfrom Union interference. As Confederate Lieutenant General Richard S. Ewell moved down the Shenandoah Valley in the direction of Pennsylvania, his corps defeated the Union Army garrison commanded by Major General Robert H. Milroy, capturing Winchester … Jackson enveloped the right flank of the Union Army under Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks and pursued it as it fled across the Potomac River into Maryland. Battle of Cross Keys – phase 1 (map by Hal Jespersen) The Battle When Jackson reached Harrisonburg at the end of Massanutten Mountain, he turned southeast towards Cross Keys and Port Republic. Campbell (w) The Third Battle of Winchester was the bloodiest battle ever fought in the Shenandoah Valley, producing more casualties than the entire 1862 Valley Campaign. The Third Battle of Winchester on September 19, 1864, the largest and bloodiest Civil War battle in the Shenandoah Valley, had great strategic significance both in the Valley and in the wider war. He then deployed Brig. Col John M. Patton, Ewell's Division Ewell then attempted a flanking movement to the right beyond the Millwood Road, but in response to orders from Banks, Donnelly withdrew through the town. Pictures First Battle of Winchester Importance This battle is important because it was one of the major battles that the Confederates won for Maj. Gen. Thomas J. [8] Confederate pursuit was lethargic, as the troops were exhausted from the non-stop marching of the previous week under Jackson's command. Gen. Richard Taylor's Louisiana brigade (led by the Louisiana Tigers) reinforced by two regiments of Fulkerson's brigade and backed up by Scott's brigade, to the left along Abrams Creek. Donnelly's brigade was placed in a crescent on the left to cover the Front Royal and Millwood roads with the rest of the artillery. On September 19, 1864, Maj. Gen. Phillip Sheridan advanced toward Winchester along the Berryville Pike with the VI and XIX Corps, crossing Opequon Creek east of town. Battle of McDowell Highland and Augusta Counties May 08, 1862 Outcome: Confederate Victory This first Confederate victory during Jackson’s Shenandoah Valley Campaign relieved pressure on Richmond and saved the "Confederate Breadbasket." Confederate forces regrouped and brought up artillery. After combating with Major General Nathaniel Banks’ receding army at Newtown and Middletown on 24th of May, the division of Major General T. … [6], In conjunction with Ewell's advance on the Front Royal Pike, Jackson advanced on the Valley Pike at early dawn in a heavy fog. Cozzens, Peter. By Lily Moravchik Union Casualties Who won? Campbell (w) Nevertheless, many Union prisoners fell into Confederate hands. Brig. Union sharpshooters along Abrams Creek began picking off the cannoneers. Jackson's success in achieving force concentration early in the fightin The following Confederate States Army units and commanders fought in the First Battle of Winchester of the American Civil War. Gen. John P. Hatch, and 16 guns. The Second Battle of Winchester was fought between June 13 and June 15, 1863 in Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia as part of the Gettysburg Campaign during the American Civil War. First Winchester Union Order of Battle. Jackson quickly placed a section of artillery on the hill to engage Union artillery on Bower's Hill at a range of less than half a mile. Jump to: navigation, search. 2nd Virginia Infantry - Col James W. Allen; 4th Virginia Infantry - Col Charles A. Ronald; 5th Virginia Infantry - Col William S. H. Baylor (w), Ltc John H. S. Funk; 27th Virginia Infantry - Col Andrew J. Grigsby; 33rd Virginia Infantry - Col John F. Neff; Second (Campbell's) Brigade Col J.A. The following Confederate States Army units and commanders fought in the Second Battle of Winchester. Gen. Taylor's attack on Bower's Hill is considered a model brigade maneuver by military historians. Animated History of Jackson's Valley Campaign, Frederick County, Virginia in the American Civil War, Cedar Creek and Belle Grove National Historical Park, List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials, List of memorials to the Grand Army of the Republic, Confederate artworks in the United States Capitol, List of Confederate monuments and memorials, Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials. First Winchester was a major victory in Jackson's Valley Campaign. The First Battle of Winchester on May 25, 1862 was part of “Stonewall” Jackson’s Valley Campaign. Shenandoah 1862: Stonewall Jackson's Valley Campaign. Union Army Major General Philip Sheridan defeated Confederate Army Lieutenant General Jubal Early in one of the largest, bloodiest, and most important battles in the Shenandoah Valley. See more ideas about battle, winchester, civil war. Second Winchester Confederate order of battle Last updated June 06, 2020. Union plans for the Peninsula Campaign, an offensive against Richmond, were disrupted by Jackson's audacity, and thousands of Union reinforcements were diverted to the Valley and the defense of Washington, D.C.[4], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}39°10′38″N 78°10′28″W / 39.1773°N 78.1744°W / 39.1773; -78.1744. The First Battle of Winchester was fought on May 25, 1862, in and around Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia during the American Civil War. Order of Battle Battle June 13: initial engagements Ewell’s attack plan. The Union order of battle is listed separately. The Union advance was delayed long enough for Maj. Gen. 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