slower transverse waves that travel through the rock by moving it from side to side (shearing the rock) can only pass through solids . Well, Earth is the same way! Earths Layers Lab 2. Last modified January 14, 2011. Set up the containers. In the early part of the 20th century, geologists studied the vibrations (seismic waves) generated by earthquakes to learn more about the structure of the earth's interior. Crust = Hard and rigid, it's the earth's outermost and thinnest layer, only 3 to 5 miles thin (5 km - 10 km) under the oceans and 20 to 30 miles (30 - 50 km) thin under the continents. There are several types of seismic waves. Earthquakes and the Earth's Interior Earthquakes Earthquakes occur when energy stored in elastically strained rocks is suddenly released. Accessed December 3, 2012. Also answer the other questions on the Activity handouts. What are Earth's Interior Layers The Earth's interior Three major layers Three major layers inside the Earth interior are the crust, mantle and the core. They discovered that it is made up of these distinct layers: the crust, the mantle, and the core. Students constructing a "slice" of the Earth's interior at 1:10 million scale. ii MISSION STATEMENTS The mission of the Department of the Interior is to protect and provide access to our … During this unit we will explore topics related to Earth Quakes, Volcanoes, Tsunamis, and Plate Tectonics. 3. Scientists divide the mantle into the upper and lower mantle. The ocean supports a variety of ecosystems and organisms, shapes landforms, and influences climate. Two types of crust: oceanic crust and continental crust. Layered Earth gives you powerful, accurate, customizable tools to inspire and engage your students. Use the Earth Science Reference Tables label each layer of Earth’s interior with the appropriate density of each of the “solid” layers on to the scale model. Robertson, Eugene C. The Interior of the Earth. Lab – Earth’s Interior. Observe the velocities of the waves on the graph. Continental Crust. (Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core). These systems interact in multiple ways to affect Earth’s surface materials and processes. In this article (geography section), we discuss the interior of the earth. Examine the graph closely and answer the following questions. Earthquakes can be generated by bomb blasts, volcanic eruptions, sudden … In this activity we are going to use candy models of the Earth. Each container gets 1 set. We will look at how the interior of the Earth is structured and how heat and energy cycles from deep within the Earth to the surface and back down again. Melanie Vela 2.8 STUDENT RESPONSES 6/7/2020 1. You may have heard that ogres are like onions because they have many layers. Characteristics of S waves. It was operated by three separate three-astronaut crews: Skylab 2, Skylab 3 and Skylab 4.Major operations included an orbital workshop, a solar observatory, Earth observation, and hundreds of experiments.. Some layers penetrate other layers at certain places. 1. The Lab/ The Earth’s Interior: Understanding the Unseeable / Activities 1, 2, 4 and 5 (skip 3) As you complete these activities by working with the Java applets online, copy down your results on the handouts for Part 3 that go with these activities. There should be 4 cards per set. Put 1 of each card in a set. Earth's Structure What's inside the earth? Volcanism, earthquakes, and many of the Earth’s surface features are a result of processes happening within the Earth. See Table 2 for information about layers (spherical shells) and boundaries. Crust. We also properly understand that the appeal of design goes beyond beauty and should ensure the satisfaction and comfort of the client and thus, we work accordingly. Using seismology, we can determine the interior of the Earth without going there physically. View Earth's Interior Lab.doc from GEOLOGY 1403 at Lone Star College System. He was the first to calculate the mass of the earth. Any wavepaths that hit the higher velocity interior will refract. Print out earth’s layers cards and cut them out. It is divided into a liquid outer core and a solid inner core. Earth’s interior Layers of the earth inferred by earthquake waves ESRT page 10 Determine the following: Density Composition / Rock Type Continental Crust 2.7 g/cm3 Granitic (Granite) Oceanic Crust 3.0 g/cm3 Basaltic (Basalt) MOHO - The uneven boundary between Earth… Students should know that the Earth has an interior. The following graph (Figure 2.4) displays seismic velocities (in kilometers per second) of P and S waves with depth (measured in kilometers) inside the Earth. Made up of large amounts of silicon and aluminum. US Geological Survey, US Department of the Interior. Introduce the concept of moment of inertia and use it to calculate planetary mass distribution. We aim at bringing aesthetic and ambitious designs to life. Which one travels Hands-on … Background Information The Earth’s interior is set up in layers, with each layer different from the previous one. Earth’s Layers Assessment Advance Preparation 1. Earth Science Reference Tables Plastic knife. The crust is the thinnest layer and is made up of dirt, soil and mostly solid rock. Examining the relationship between the Earth's interior and exterior systems is a key part of understanding how the Earth has developed over its history. Earth's interior is generally divided into three major layers: the crust, the mantle, and the core. Interactive Earth Simulator. Contact Us Browse Virtual Catalog Request a Catalog Order Form W-9 Form FAQs. Layered Earth - Earth Science Simulation Software and Curriculum. The layer at the surface is called the crust. Earth's Interior Science, Grade 9. INTRODUCTORY GEOLOGY EARTH’S INTERIOR 2.3 LAB EXERCISE Part A – Interior of the Earth The following graph (Figure 2.4) displays seismic velocities (in kilometers per second) of P and S waves with depth (measured in kilometers) inside the Earth. Draw 5 wave paths at 20, 60, 100, 140 and 180 degrees from the origin using a protractor. The hard, brittle crust extends from Earth's surface to the so-called Mohorovicic discontinuity, nicknamed the Moho.The Moho is not located at a uniform depth, but about 10 kilometers (6 miles) below the seafloor and about 35 kilometers (22 miles) beneath the surface of continents. Earth's interior structure. Earth also possesses a gravitational field. PART 1. In Unit 2, students will begin to make these connections as they gather evidence to develop a model of the Earth's interior, its internal processes, and resulting continental plate movements. Also, the origin of many phenomena like earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunami etc are linked with the structure of earth's interior. Part A – Interior of the Earth. The Earth's interior consists of rock and metal that is structured in layers. What should you understand about the interior of the earth? The Leaders in Earth Science Software and Curriculum. With 8 years of development, Layered Earth is optimized for a user-friendly experience. Earth's Core. Materials: Paper towels Calculators Milky Way bars . Skylab was the first United States space station, launched by NASA, occupied for about 24 weeks between May 1973 and February 1974. Studying the Earth’s interior poses a significant challenge due to the lack of direct access. a. As a result, we often use models in Earth science which represent its attributes. Thinnest layer of the Earth that ranges from only 2 miles in some areas of the ocean floor to 75 miles deep under mountains. Some of the layers, particularly the crust and lithosphere, are highly variable in thickness. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF RECLAMATION. Earth’s layers Diagram 3. Our focus during this unit will be on understanding the processes deep inside the Earth which come the surface; often in dramatic ways. The types that travel through the interior of the Earth are P-waves (primary) and S-waves (secondary). The interior of the earth is not simply layered. P-waves are longitudinal waves (the displacement of the medium is in the same axis as the direction of propagation). 1. Examine the … Earth’s major systems are the geosphere (solid and molten rock, soil, and sediments), the hydrosphere (water and ice), the atmosphere (air), and the biosphere (living things, including humans). Easy to Use. Both temperature and pressure increase from the crust to the core. Lab: Models of Earth Introduction: Earth is so large it is often difficult to take direct measurements. Land. Earth that has a seismic wave velocity of 9 km/sec for the upper 1000 km and 12 km/sec for the rest of the Earth. Oceanic Crust . WHEN YOU ARE DONE WITH ALL THREE PARTS OF THIS LAB, HAND IN THE FOLLOWING: … Scientifically Accurate. 5. This release of energy causes intense ground shaking in the area near the source of the earthquake and sends waves of elastic energy, called seismic waves, throughout the Earth. Figure 5. The core is the densest layer of the Earth and is composed of nickel and iron. You … Perspective view of Earth cross section. Lab: Interior of Earth (Whoppers, peanut butter, and graham cracker) Textbook: Chapter 7 Study Island Enrichment Skill Builders Unit Vocabulary seismic waves radioactive elements convection currents mantle inner core outer core Enduring Understandings (Big Ideas) The composition and properties of Earth’s interior are identified by the behavior of seismic waves. Which one travels faster? Isaac Newton gave a name to the concept of gravity and and discovered that gravity is influenced by density. Evidence on the structure and composition of the earth's interior comes from (1) observations of surface rocks, (2) geophysical data from earthquakes, flow of heat from the interior, the magnetic field, and gravity, (3) laboratory ex­ periments on surface rocks and minerals, and (4) compari­ son of the earth with other planets, the sun, stars, and meteorites. Earth's Interior : Introduction: Preparation: Activities: Activity 1: Activity 2: Activity 3: Activity 4: Activity 5: Web Sources: Background : Goals: Demonstrate the relationship between mass, volume, and density and show how this relationship can be used to calculate planetary density. Earth's Interior. Earth’s Layers Cards 4. can penetrate earth's interior (solids + liquids) aka compressional waves becuase they push (compress) and pull (dilate) the rocks through which they pass. Figure 3. (Modified from figure on page 57 of Seismic Sleuths, FEMA/AGU.) The core is divided into a liquid outer core and a solid inner core. Layering of Materials Lab Modeling Earth's Interior Processes Lab Highlighted Resources Unit 2 Professional Development Booklet Unit 2 Formative Assessment Probe Seismic Waves & Earth's Interior Investigation Inferred Properties of Earth's Interior: Three Level Guide to Diagram Interpretation Earthquake Wave Seismogram: Three Level Reading Guide for Diagram Interpretation Locating the … Need Help? Many processes observed at the Earth’s surface are driven by the heat generated within the Earth, however, making an understanding of the interior essential. In this activity we are going to use candy models of the Earth. Ocean. b. As a result, we often use models in Earth science which represent its attributes. Observe the velocities of the waves on the graph. EARTH MANUAL PART 1 Third Edition Earth Sciences and Research Laboratory Geotechnical Research Technical Service Center Denver, Colorado 1998 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF RECLAMATION. Back . 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